203 papers
Through active surveillance at a large academic center in North Carolina, researchers identified two previously unreported cases of Heartland virus disease with varying clinical severity and distinct genomic sequences, highlighting the need for expanded surveillance to better understand the virus's true burden and pathogenesis.
The Cultryx machine learning model, trained on electronic medical record data, significantly outperforms standard clinical heuristics and AI tools in predicting bacteremia, enabling a 26.2% reduction in unnecessary blood culture orders while maintaining high sensitivity to conserve resources and improve patient safety.
A prospective multicenter study in Japan demonstrated that the QuickNavi-Campylobacter rapid antigen test shows high concordance with the FilmArray Gastrointestinal Panel for early diagnosis of Campylobacter infections, though its sensitivity declines in specimens collected six or more days after symptom onset.
Genotyping of *Plasmodium vivax* isolates in eastern Cambodia from 2014 to 2023 reveals a significant decline in parasite diversity and an increase in inbreeding, providing genetic evidence that widespread radical cure interventions have successfully reduced malaria transmission.
A 2023 cross-sectional survey in Cambodia reveals that while *Plasmodium falciparum* is nearly eliminated, current diagnostic practices relying on rapid tests fail to detect the majority of *Plasmodium* infections (predominantly *P. vivax*), particularly in low-transmission settings where false-negative rates are highest.
This study utilizes validated spatiotemporal Bayesian models to estimate the rising prevalence of artemisinin resistance markers (Kelch 13) and partner drug markers across Sub-Saharan Africa, projecting that by 2026, over 10% of endemic transmission areas and nearly 6% of malaria cases will be affected, thereby providing a critical framework for guiding surveillance and policy decisions amidst data gaps.
This study presents a two-step deep-learning framework that integrates candidemia and 30-day mortality risk models using large electronic health record datasets, demonstrating superior performance over conventional methods in identifying high-risk patients to facilitate timely empiric antifungal therapy.
A secondary analysis of the EAGeR trial found that while preconception *Mycoplasma genitalium* seropositivity alone was not significantly associated with impaired fecundity, co-seropositivity with *Chlamydia trachomatis* was linked to a reduced likelihood of live birth.
This mixed-methods study at four Ugandan AMR surveillance sites reveals that blood culture utilization for suspected sepsis in hospitalized children under five remains low (28.1%) despite high clinician awareness, driven primarily by systemic barriers, inefficient workflows, and emotional fatigue rather than knowledge gaps, with higher usage linked to clinical severity and senior clinician involvement.
This study identifies a novel transposon, Tn8026, carried on a linear plasmid as the global driver of transmissible linezolid resistance in *Enterococcus*, revealing its long-standing undetected circulation across species and continents through long-read genomic surveillance.
In a retrospective cohort study of 482 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Brazil during the pre-vaccination era, five admission variables—age, arterial pH, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, comorbidity burden, and serum creatinine—were identified as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, supporting the use of routinely available clinical data for early risk stratification.
This study characterizes *Plasmodium falciparum* carriage dynamics in central and northern Mali, revealing that while Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention reduces infection in young children, asymptomatic carriers aged 10–24 in central Mali and a generalized high-burden reservoir in northern Mali sustain transmission, suggesting a need for targeted interventions beyond current SMC coverage.
This single-centre retrospective study of nearly 190,000 urine cultures reveals that urine sample type and polymicrobial co-isolation significantly influence antimicrobial resistance patterns in urinary tract infections, suggesting that incorporating these contextual factors alongside pathogen identity could improve clinical reporting and empiric prescribing.
This study demonstrates that intensive genomic sequencing of influenza viruses in a single U.S. state (Michigan) effectively captured nearly all national haplotype diversity from 2021 to 2025, indicating that regional surveillance can serve as a broadly representative proxy for national trends when sequencing effort is sufficient.
This study demonstrates that an optimized ELISA utilizing a polymeric peptide (S559) with avidity-enhanced epitope presentation achieves high diagnostic accuracy (up to 95.01% sensitivity and 100% specificity) for SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection, offering a promising low-cost alternative to whole-antigen assays for resource-limited settings.
This study reports the development and validation of a rapid, automated, battery-operated PCR assay on the DASH(R) system that detects *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* from both sputum and tongue swabs with high sensitivity and specificity, making it suitable for point-of-care diagnosis in resource-limited settings.
This study employs a novel low-dimensional model of pneumococcal serotype interactions to demonstrate that while the initial PCV7 introduction was not cost-effective due to rapid serotype replacement, switching to PCV13 and implementing PCV20 for both paediatric and elderly populations in England offers high cost-effectiveness and significant willingness to pay.
Prior inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccination imprints a fusion loop-biased, low-potency antibody response with enhanced antibody-dependent enhancement risk, which can be mitigated by a complete series of live-attenuated dengue vaccination that redirects immunity toward non-fusion-loop epitopes.
Using mechanism-based modeling and clinical trial simulations, this study demonstrates that novel treatment regimens combining rifampicin with amoxicillin-clavulanate can potentially shorten Buruli ulcer therapy from the standard 8 weeks to just 4 weeks by achieving rapid bacterial eradication across various bacterial loads.
This study utilizes high-resolution mass spectrometry and molecular docking to characterize distinct bioactive lipid imprints in the serum of dengue-infected individuals, revealing specific metabolic shifts and potential biomarkers that could aid in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and the development of antiviral therapies.